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CONLANG  March 2007, Week 3

CONLANG March 2007, Week 3

Subject:

Re: Copula

From:

R A Brown <[log in to unmask]>

Reply-To:

Constructed Languages List <[log in to unmask]>

Date:

Tue, 20 Mar 2007 08:47:49 +0000

Content-Type:

text/plain

Parts/Attachments:

Parts/Attachments

text/plain (36 lines)

Jeff Rollin wrote:
[snip]
> 
> I suspect there are languages that have no passive but have free word
> order, since the point of a passive is to make an object
> topic-prominent. 

Latin certainly had free word order and could, and quite often did, make 
the object topic-prominent by shifting to the front. Indeed, German, 
which has less free word order, can and does do the same - fronting the 
object before the main verb which must occupy 2nd position.

But both languages find a passive useful - particularly, of course, 
where the agent is unimportant or unknown.

German can use an active with the subject 'man' (Like French 'on') where 
English would normally use a passive, and the Romance languages very 
often use reflexive forms where we have passives. But the same 'test' 
applies as regards "to be" used a copula. Thus
German "Ich bin es" cannot be replaced by *"man ist ich"
nor can
French "C'est moi" be replaced by *"Moi, je me suis" - indeed, the 
latter would be understood to mean "I follow myself"   :)

> I can also imagine a language which is
> ergative/active/tripartite and has a passive

So can I.

-- 
Ray
==================================
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http://www.carolandray.plus.com
==================================
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