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When I first worked out the verbs for Carrajina, I set the paradigms up with
_to be_ forming all of the perfects. After following this conversation, it
seems I should rethink that and reintroduce _to have_ in some verbs. That
may require reworking a number of translations. Ah well. first I must
decide where _to have_ should replace _to be_ and where things should stay
status quo. Drat. And just when I was figuring out some things about the
nifty new Graavgaaln derivational morphology.
Adam
On Thu, Jun 16, 2011 at 2:59 PM, Philip Newton <[log in to unmask]>wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 16, 2011 at 11:10, Nikolay Ivankov <[log in to unmask]>
> wrote:
> > As it has been pointed out by MorphemeAddict, the two examples you have
> > given are indeed perfect with be- forms. German has a very good arsenal
> of
> > such words, and there is a distinctive rule for saying, which verb is
> > "sein"-verb: these are verbs concerned with movement, staying in some
> place
> > (like "wohnen" - |to live somewhere", "bleiben" - to stay, also "sein" -
> "to
> > be" itself), and with changing state (to born, to die, to become
> somebody).
>
> I think the French rule is fairly similar.
>
> One interesting distinction is that _to be_ takes "to be" for the
> perfect in German (ich _bin_ gewesen) but "to have" in French (j'_ai_
> été).
>
> Another difference is that French uses _to be_ with reflexives (je me
> _suis_ lavé(e); cf. German ich _habe_ mich gewaschen, English I _have_
> washed myself).
>
> Cheers,
> Philip
> --
> Philip Newton <[log in to unmask]>
>
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